The Expanded Narrative
A historic fortress that served as the city’s first line of defence against invaders arriving by sea.
Historical and military value
The Sira Fortress was built in 1173 CE (568 AH) by order of the Ayyubid sultan Turan Shah, brother of Saladin, after he seized Aden. It was raised over the ruins of an older fort, and its site on the volcanic island of Sira was chosen for complete command of the entrance to the Gulf of Aden. The fortress was the cornerstone of the city’s defences, withstood numerous invasion attempts by the Portuguese and the Ottomans, and was the last stronghold to fall during the British occupation in 1839.
Architectural description
- A formidable fortress with high walls following the island’s rocky terrain.
- Circular and square watchtowers at the corners.
- Rock-hewn water cisterns for storing rainwater.
- A great main gate protected by two towers.
- Soldiers’ quarters and stores for weapons and ammunition.
Visitor information
- Access to the island and fortress requires a small boat from Tawahi or Crater.
- Best visited during the day with a knowledgeable local guide.
- Walking inside requires care due to the uneven rocky terrain.
- Offers unparalleled panoramic views of Aden and its bay.
Built in 1173 CE by order of the Ayyubid sultan Turan ShahCommands the entire entrance to the Gulf of AdenWithstood the Portuguese and the OttomansThe last stronghold to fall in the British occupation of 1839
